Monitoring
Monitoring NATS
To monitor the NATS messaging system, nats-server provides a lightweight HTTP server on a dedicated monitoring port. The monitoring server provides several endpoints, providing statistics and other information about the following:
All endpoints return a JSON object.
Note that info from these monitoring endpoints is also available through System services
The NATS monitoring endpoints support JSONP and CORS, making it easy to create single page monitoring web applications. Part of the NATS ecosystem is a tool called nats-top that visualizes data from these endpoints on the command line.
{% hint style="warning" %}
nats-server does not have authentication/authorization for the monitoring endpoint. When you plan to open your nats-server to the internet make sure to not expose the monitoring port as well. By default, monitoring binds to every interface 0.0.0.0 so consider setting monitoring to localhost or have appropriate firewall rules.
{% endhint %}
Enabling monitoring
Monitoring can be enabled in server configuration or as a server command-line option. The conventional port is 8222.
As server configuration:
As a command-line option:
Once the server is running using one of the two methods, go to http://localhost:8222 to browse the available endpoints detailed below.
Alternatively, if you have System account enabled, monitoring endpoints available as "System services"
Monitoring Endpoints
The /varz endpoint returns general information about the server state and configuration.
Arguments
N/A
Example
https://demo.nats.io:8222/varz
Response
{
"server_id": "NACDVKFBUW4C4XA24OOT6L4MDP56MW76J5RJDFXG7HLABSB46DCMWCOW",
"version": "2.0.0",
"proto": 1,
"go": "go1.12",
"host": "0.0.0.0",
"port": 4222,
"max_connections": 65536,
"ping_interval": 120000000000,
"ping_max": 2,
"http_host": "0.0.0.0",
"http_port": 8222,
"https_port": 0,
"auth_timeout": 1,
"max_control_line": 4096,
"max_payload": 1048576,
"max_pending": 67108864,
"cluster": {},
"gateway": {},
"leaf": {},
"tls_timeout": 0.5,
"write_deadline": 2000000000,
"start": "2019-06-24T14:24:43.928582-07:00",
"now": "2019-06-24T14:24:46.894852-07:00",
"uptime": "2s",
"mem": 9617408,
"cores": 4,
"gomaxprocs": 4,
"cpu": 0,
"connections": 0,
"total_connections": 0,
"routes": 0,
"remotes": 0,
"leafnodes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"slow_consumers": 2,
"subscriptions": 0,
"http_req_stats": {
"/": 0,
"/connz": 0,
"/gatewayz": 0,
"/routez": 0,
"/subsz": 0,
"/varz": 1
},
"config_load_time": "2019-06-24T14:24:43.928582-07:00",
"slow_consumer_stats": {
"clients": 1,
"routes": 1,
"gateways": 0,
"leafs": 0
}
}
The /connz endpoint reports more detailed information on current and recently closed connections. It uses a paging mechanism which defaults to 1024 connections.
Arguments
The server will default to holding the last 10,000 closed connections.
Sort Options
Examples
Get up to 1024 connections: https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz
Control limit and offset: https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz?limit=16&offset=128.
Get closed connection information: https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz?state=closed.
You can also report detailed subscription information on a per connection basis using subs=1. For example: https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz?limit=1&offset=1&subs=1.
Response
{
"server_id": "NACDVKFBUW4C4XA24OOT6L4MDP56MW76J5RJDFXG7HLABSB46DCMWCOW",
"now": "2019-06-24T14:28:16.520365-07:00",
"num_connections": 2,
"total": 2,
"offset": 0,
"limit": 1024,
"connections": [
{
"cid": 5,
"kind": "Client",
"type": "nats",
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 62714,
"start": "2021-09-09T23:16:43.040862Z",
"last_activity": "2021-09-09T23:16:43.042364Z",
"rtt": "95µs",
"uptime": "5s",
"idle": "5s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 1,
"name": "NATS Benchmark",
"lang": "go",
"version": "1.12.1"
},
{
"cid": 6,
"kind": "Client",
"type": "nats",
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 62715,
"start": "2021-09-09T23:16:43.042557Z",
"last_activity": "2021-09-09T23:16:43.042811Z",
"rtt": "100µs",
"uptime": "5s",
"idle": "5s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 1,
"name": "NATS Benchmark",
"lang": "go",
"version": "1.12.1"
},
{
"cid": 7,
"kind": "Client",
"type": "mqtt",
"ip": "::1",
"port": 62718,
"start": "2021-09-09T23:16:45.391459Z",
"last_activity": "2021-09-09T23:16:45.395869Z",
"rtt": "0s",
"uptime": "2s",
"idle": "2s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 2,
"mqtt_client": "mqtt_sub"
}
]
}
The /routez endpoint reports information on active routes for a cluster. Routes are expected to be low, so there is no paging mechanism with this endpoint.
Arguments
As noted above, the routez endpoint does support the subs argument from the /connz endpoint. For example: https://demo.nats.io:8222/routez?subs=1
Example
Response
{
"server_id": "NACDVKFBUW4C4XA24OOT6L4MDP56MW76J5RJDFXG7HLABSB46DCMWCOW",
"now": "2019-06-24T14:29:16.046656-07:00",
"num_routes": 1,
"routes": [
{
"rid": 1,
"remote_id": "de475c0041418afc799bccf0fdd61b47",
"did_solicit": true,
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 61791,
"pending_size": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0
}
]
}
The /gatewayz endpoint reports information about gateways used to create a NATS supercluster. Like routes, the number of gateways are expected to be low, so there is no paging mechanism with this endpoint.
Arguments
Examples
Response
{
"server_id": "NANVBOU62MDUWTXWRQ5KH3PSMYNCHCEUHQV3TW3YH7WZLS7FMJE6END6",
"now": "2019-07-24T18:02:55.597398-06:00",
"name": "region1",
"host": "2601:283:4601:1350:1895:efda:2010:95a1",
"port": 4501,
"outbound_gateways": {
"region2": {
"configured": true,
"connection": {
"cid": 7,
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 5500,
"start": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.765621-06:00",
"last_activity": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.765621-06:00",
"uptime": "6s",
"idle": "6s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0,
"name": "NCXBIYWT7MV7OAQTCR4QTKBN3X3HDFGSFWTURTCQ22ZZB6NKKJPO7MN4"
}
},
"region3": {
"configured": true,
"connection": {
"cid": 5,
"ip": "::1",
"port": 6500,
"start": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.764685-06:00",
"last_activity": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.764685-06:00",
"uptime": "6s",
"idle": "6s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0,
"name": "NCVS7Q65WX3FGIL2YQRLI77CE6MQRWO2Y453HYVLNMBMTVLOKMPW7R6K"
}
}
},
"inbound_gateways": {
"region2": [
{
"configured": false,
"connection": {
"cid": 9,
"ip": "::1",
"port": 52029,
"start": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.76677-06:00",
"last_activity": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.767096-06:00",
"uptime": "6s",
"idle": "6s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0,
"name": "NCXBIYWT7MV7OAQTCR4QTKBN3X3HDFGSFWTURTCQ22ZZB6NKKJPO7MN4"
}
}
],
"region3": [
{
"configured": false,
"connection": {
"cid": 4,
"ip": "::1",
"port": 52025,
"start": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.764577-06:00",
"last_activity": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.764994-06:00",
"uptime": "6s",
"idle": "6s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0,
"name": "NCVS7Q65WX3FGIL2YQRLI77CE6MQRWO2Y453HYVLNMBMTVLOKMPW7R6K"
}
},
{
"configured": false,
"connection": {
"cid": 8,
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 52026,
"start": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.766173-06:00",
"last_activity": "2019-07-24T18:02:48.766999-06:00",
"uptime": "6s",
"idle": "6s",
"pending_bytes": 0,
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 0,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 0,
"subscriptions": 0,
"name": "NCKCYK5LE3VVGOJQ66F65KA27UFPCLBPX4N4YOPOXO3KHGMW24USPCKN"
}
}
]
}
}
The /leafz endpoint reports detailed information about the leaf node connections.
Arguments
As noted above, the leafz endpoint does support the subs argument from the /connz endpoint. For example: https://demo.nats.io:8222/leafz?subs=1
Example
Response
{
"server_id": "NC2FJCRMPBE5RI5OSRN7TKUCWQONCKNXHKJXCJIDVSAZ6727M7MQFVT3",
"now": "2019-08-27T09:07:05.841132-06:00",
"leafnodes": 1,
"leafs": [
{
"account": "$G",
"ip": "127.0.0.1",
"port": 6223,
"rtt": "200µs",
"in_msgs": 0,
"out_msgs": 10000,
"in_bytes": 0,
"out_bytes": 1280000,
"subscriptions": 1,
"subscriptions_list": ["foo"]
}
]
}
The /subsz endpoint reports detailed information about the current subscriptions and the routing data structure. It is not normally used.
Arguments
Example
Response
{
"num_subscriptions": 2,
"num_cache": 0,
"num_inserts": 2,
"num_removes": 0,
"num_matches": 0,
"cache_hit_rate": 0,
"max_fanout": 0,
"avg_fanout": 0
}
The /accountz endpoint reports information on a server's active accounts. The default behavior is to return a list of all accounts known to the server.
Example
Response
Default behavior:
{
"server_id": "NAB2EEQ3DLS2BHU4K2YMXMPIOOOAOFOAQAC5NQRIEUI4BHZKFBI4ZU4A",
"now": "2021-02-08T17:31:29.551146-05:00",
"system_account": "AAAXAUVSGK7TCRHFIRAS4SYXVJ76EWDMNXZM6ARFGXP7BASNDGLKU7A5",
"accounts": ["AAAXAUVSGK7TCRHFIRAS4SYXVJ76EWDMNXZM6ARFGXP7BASNDGLKU7A5", "$G"]
}
Retrieve specific account:
{
"server_id": "NAB2EEQ3DLS2BHU4K2YMXMPIOOOAOFOAQAC5NQRIEUI4BHZKFBI4ZU4A",
"now": "2021-02-08T17:37:55.80856-05:00",
"system_account": "AAAXAUVSGK7TCRHFIRAS4SYXVJ76EWDMNXZM6ARFGXP7BASNDGLKU7A5",
"account_detail": {
"account_name": "AAAXAUVSGK7TCRHFIRAS4SYXVJ76EWDMNXZM6ARFGXP7BASNDGLKU7A5",
"update_time": "2021-02-08T17:31:22.390334-05:00",
"is_system": true,
"expired": false,
"complete": true,
"jetstream_enabled": false,
"leafnode_connections": 0,
"client_connections": 0,
"subscriptions": 42,
"exports": [
{
"subject": "$SYS.DEBUG.SUBSCRIBERS",
"type": "service",
"response_type": "Singleton"
}
],
"jwt": "eyJ0eXAiOiJqd3QiLCJhbGciOiJlZDI1NTE5In0.eyJqdGkiOiJVVlU2VEpXRU8zS0hYWTZVMkgzM0RCVklET1A3U05DTkJPMlM0M1dPNUM2T1RTTDNVSUxBIiwiaWF0IjoxNjAzNDczNzg4LCJpc3MiOiJPQlU1TzVGSjMyNFVEUFJCSVZSR0Y3Q05FT0hHTFBTN0VZUEJUVlFaS1NCSElJWklCNkhENjZKRiIsIm5hbWUiOiJTWVMiLCJzdWIiOiJBQUFYQVVWU0dLN1RDUkhGSVJBUzRTWVhWSjc2RVdETU5YWk02QVJGR1hQN0JBU05ER0xLVTdBNSIsInR5cGUiOiJhY2NvdW50IiwibmF0cyI6eyJsaW1pdHMiOnsic3VicyI6LTEsImNvbm4iOi0xLCJsZWFmIjotMSwiaW1wb3J0cyI6LTEsImV4cG9ydHMiOi0xLCJkYXRhIjotMSwicGF5bG9hZCI6LTEsIndpbGRjYXJkcyI6dHJ1ZX19fQ.CeGo16i5oD0b1uBJ8UdGmLH-l9dL8yNqXHggkAt2T5c88fM7k4G08wLguMAnlvzrdlYvdZvOx_5tHLuDZmGgCg",
"issuer_key": "OBU5O5FJ324UDPRBIVRGF7CNEOHGLPS7EYPBTVQZKSBHIIZIB6HD66JF",
"name_tag": "SYS",
"decoded_jwt": {
"jti": "UVU6TJWEO3KHXY6U2H33DBVIDOP7SNCNBO2S43WO5C6OTSL3UILA",
"iat": 1603473788,
"iss": "OBU5O5FJ324UDPRBIVRGF7CNEOHGLPS7EYPBTVQZKSBHIIZIB6HD66JF",
"name": "SYS",
"sub": "AAAXAUVSGK7TCRHFIRAS4SYXVJ76EWDMNXZM6ARFGXP7BASNDGLKU7A5",
"nats": {
"limits": {
"subs": -1,
"data": -1,
"payload": -1,
"imports": -1,
"exports": -1,
"wildcards": true,
"conn": -1,
"leaf": -1
},
"default_permissions": {
"pub": {},
"sub": {}
},
"type": "account",
"version": 1
}
},
"sublist_stats": {
"num_subscriptions": 42,
"num_cache": 6,
"num_inserts": 42,
"num_removes": 0,
"num_matches": 6,
"cache_hit_rate": 0,
"max_fanout": 1,
"avg_fanout": 0.8333333333333334
}
}
}
Account Statistics (/accstatz)
The /accstatz endpoint reports per-account statistics such as the number of connections, messages/bytes in/out, etc.
Arguments
Examples
Response
{
"server_id": "NDJ5M4F5WAIBUA26NJ3QMH532AQPN7QNTJP3Y4SBHSHL4Y7QUAKNJEAF",
"now": "2022-10-19T17:16:20.881296749Z",
"account_statz": [
{
"acc": "default",
"conns": 31,
"leafnodes": 2,
"total_conns": 33,
"num_subscriptions": 45,
"sent": {
"msgs": 1876970,
"bytes": 246705616
},
"received": {
"msgs": 1347454,
"bytes": 219438308
},
"slow_consumers": 29
},
{
"acc": "$G",
"conns": 1,
"leafnodes": 0,
"total_conns": 1,
"num_subscriptions": 3,
"sent": {
"msgs": 0,
"bytes": 0
},
"received": {
"msgs": 107,
"bytes": 1094
},
"slow_consumers": 0
}
]
}
The /jsz endpoint reports more detailed information on JetStream. For accounts, it uses a paging mechanism that defaults to 1024 connections.
Note: If you're in a clustered environment, it is recommended to retrieve the information from the stream's leader in order to get the most accurate and up-to-date data.
Arguments
Examples
Get basic JetStream information: https://demo.nats.io:8222/jsz
Request accounts and control limit and offset: https://demo.nats.io:8222/jsz?accounts=true&limit=16&offset=128.
You can also report detailed consumer information on a per connection basis using consumer=true. For example: https://demo.nats.io:8222/jsz?consumers=true.
Response
{
"server_id": "NCVIDODSZ45C5OD67ZD7EJUIJPQDP6CM74SJX6TJIF2G7NLYS5LCVYHS",
"now": "2021-02-08T19:08:30.555533-05:00",
"config": {
"max_memory": 10485760,
"max_storage": 10485760,
"store_dir": "/var/folders/9h/6g_c9l6n6bb8gp331d_9y0_w0000gn/T/srv_7500251552558",
"unique_tag": "az"
},
"memory": 0,
"storage": 66,
"api": {
"total": 5,
"errors": 0
},
"total_streams": 1,
"total_consumers": 1,
"total_messages": 1,
"total_message_bytes": 33,
"meta_cluster": {
"name": "cluster_name",
"replicas": [
{
"name": "server_5500",
"current": false,
"active": 2932926000
}
]
},
"account_details": [
{
"name": "BCC_TO_HAVE_ONE_EXTRA",
"id": "BCC_TO_HAVE_ONE_EXTRA",
"memory": 0,
"storage": 0,
"api": {
"total": 0,
"errors": 0
}
},
{
"name": "ACC",
"id": "ACC",
"memory": 0,
"storage": 66,
"api": {
"total": 5,
"errors": 0
},
"stream_detail": [
{
"name": "my-stream-replicated",
"cluster": {
"name": "cluster_name",
"replicas": [
{
"name": "server_5500",
"current": false,
"active": 2931517000
}
]
},
"state": {
"messages": 1,
"bytes": 33,
"first_seq": 1,
"first_ts": "2021-02-09T00:08:27.623735Z",
"last_seq": 1,
"last_ts": "2021-02-09T00:08:27.623735Z",
"consumer_count": 1
},
"consumer_detail": [
{
"stream_name": "my-stream-replicated",
"name": "my-consumer-replicated",
"created": "2021-02-09T00:08:27.427631Z",
"delivered": {
"consumer_seq": 0,
"stream_seq": 0
},
"ack_floor": {
"consumer_seq": 0,
"stream_seq": 0
},
"num_ack_pending": 0,
"num_redelivered": 0,
"num_waiting": 0,
"num_pending": 1,
"cluster": {
"name": "cluster_name",
"replicas": [
{
"name": "server_5500",
"current": false,
"active": 2933232000
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
Health (/healthz)
The /healthz endpoint returns OK if the server is able to accept connections.
Arguments
Example
Response
Creating Monitoring Applications
NATS monitoring endpoints support JSONP and CORS. You can easily create single page web applications for monitoring. To do this you simply pass the callback query parameter to any endpoint.
For example:
https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz?callback=cb
Here is a JQuery example implementation:
$.getJSON("https://demo.nats.io:8222/connz?callback=?", function (data) {
console.log(data);
});
In addition to writing custom monitoring tools, you can monitor nats-server in Prometheus. The Prometheus NATS Exporter allows you to configure the metrics you want to observe and store in Prometheus, and there are Grafana dashboards available for you to visualize the server metrics.
See the Walkthrough of Monitoring NATS with Prometheus and Grafana for more details.